Geological Model of the Mechanism of Formation of Gas-Dynamic Hazard Centers in the Rocks of the Sylvinite-Carnallite Zone at the Verkhnekamskoye Potassium-Magnesium Salt Deposit

Author details
  • Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russian Federation
  • Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation

Abstract

In the course of the research, a geological model of the mechanism of formation of gas-dynamic hazard centers in the rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone at the Verkhnekamskoye potassium salt deposit was developed. During the formation of gas-dynamic hazard centers in the rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone, the sources of gas-saturated fluids were gas-bearing aqueous solutions, including fluids from oil-bearing deposits located in the thickness of rocks underlying the salt deposit. The paths of ascending migration of gas-saturated fluids could be: rupture tectonic faults, thrusts, through zones of increased fracturing and permeability zones above the slopes of reef structures. Migration of gas-saturated fluids into the salt thickness from the underlying rocks occurred in a subvertical direction (from the bottom up). In the rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone, the lateral direction of migration of gas-saturated aqueous solutions prevailed over the vertical one due to the pronounced anisotropy of filtration properties. Fluids moved laterally along numerous clay layers, interlayers and intergranular space. During the migration of gas-saturated fluids in the rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone, epigenetic transformations of salt rocks occurred: replacement of sylvinites with rock salt, sylvinization of carnallites, formation of rocks of mixed composition (sylvinite + carnallite). During sylvinization of carnallites, the migration of aggressive gas-saturated fluids occurred in the direction from the zones of replacement of sylvinites with rock salt and variegated sylvinites in the direction of development of carnallite rocks. Variegated sylvinite as a product of epigenetic processes in rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone near the contact with carnallite rock has increased porosity and decreased strength. The patterns of free gas distribution in the layers of the sylvinite-carnallite zone are determined by the work of the three-zone functional system of halogen metasomatism. The decomposition of carnallite was accompanied by the formation of a deficit of the solid phase, the value of which could vary in a wide range of values and reach almost 70%. In areas of complete decomposition of carnallite in rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone, voids were formed due to the deficit of the solid phase. These voids, by analogy, can be considered a process of natural “undermining” of the overlying layers and “overmining” of the underlying ones. The effect of natural “undermining” was accompanied by the formation of crack systems in the undermining part of the sylvinite-carnallite zone due to unloading from rock pressure and rock displacement, through which free gases migrated into the undermining layers. As a result, in the rocks of the sylvinite-carnallite zone, under the influence of natural “undermining”, in the zone of unloading from vertical stresses due to destruction and stratification at the contacts of layers and layers, as well as along clay interlayers, favorable conditions are created for the filtration of free gases into it.

Keywords

exploration wellsoil fieldsoil-promising structuresgas emissionsgas-dynamic phenomenareplacement zonescarnallites sylvinitizationnatural underminingstratificationgas-filled cracksdisplacement troughsmarginal part

Bibliography

  1. 1.Kudriashov A.I. Verkhnekamskoe mestorozhdenie solei [Verkhnekamskoye salt deposit]. Perm': Gornyi institut Ural'skogo otdeleniia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2013, 429 p. Scholar
  2. 2.Raevskii V.I. et al. Mestorozhdeniia kaliinykh solei SSSR. Metody ikh poiskov i razvedki [Potassium salt deposits of the USSR. Methods of their search and exploration]. Leningrad: Nedra, 1973, 344 p. Scholar
  3. 3.Ivanov A.A., Voronova M.L. Verkhnekamskoe mestorozhdenie kaliinykh solei [Verkhnekamskoye deposit of potassium salts]. Leningrad: Nedra, 1975, 219 p. Scholar
  4. 4.Belolikov A.I., Sapegin B.I. Verkhnekamskoe kaliinoe mestorozhdenie [Verkhnekamskoye potash deposit]. Problemy prognoza, poiskov i razvedki gorno-khimicheskogo syr'ia SSSR. Moscow: Nedra, 1971, pp. 193-209. Scholar
  5. 5.Galkin V.I. et al. Analiz geologicheskogo stroeniia i otsenka vozmozhnosti razrabotki neftianykh mestorozhdenii, raspolozhennykh pod tolshchei kaliinomagnievykh solei Verkhnekamskogo mestorozhdeniia Permskoi oblasti [Analysis of the geological structure and assessment of the possibility of developing oil fields located under the layer of potassium-magnesium salts of the Verkhnekamskoye deposit in the Perm region]. Perm': Permskii gosudarstvennyi tekhnicheskii universitet, 2005, pp. 41-52. Scholar
  6. 6.Andreiko S.S., Ivanov O.V., Lialina T.A., Nesterov E.A. Gazonosnost' po svobodnym gazam porod sil'vinitovoi i sil'vinito-karnallitovoi zon Verkhnekamskogo mestorozhdeniia [Free gas content of the rocks of the silvinite and silvinite-carnallite zones at the Upper Kama districts]. Gornaia promyshlennost', 2021, no. 4, pp. 125-133. DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2021-4-125-133 Scholar
  7. 7.Andreiko S.S., Lialina T.A. Issledovanie gazovydelenii iz geologorazvedochnykh skvazhin na Verkhnekamskom mestorozhdenii kaliinykh solei [The analysis of gas emission out of geologic prospecting wells at Verkhnekamskoye deposit of potassium salts]. Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, 2017, no. 2, pp. 33-38. Scholar
  8. 8.Andreyko S.S., Lyalina T. Rockburst From Floors. Soils and Rocks, São Paulo, 2019, vol. 42 (1), pp. 77-82. DOI: 10.28927/SR.421077 Scholar
  9. 9.Andreyko S.S., Litvinovskaya N., Papulov A., Lyalina T. The Static Analysis of the Gas Content and the Gas-Dynamic Characteristics at the Second Potash Bed in the Starobinsk Potassium Salts Deposit. Fluids, 2022, vol. 7, iss. 8, Art. 278, 14 p., available at: www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/7/8/278 (accessed 26 October 2022). DOI: 10.3390/fluids7080278 Scholar
  10. 10.Galkin V.I., Andreiko S.S., Litvinovskaia N.A., Galkin S.V., Lialina T.A. Issledovanie soderzhaniia galopelitov v plaste kamennoi soli B-V Verkhnekamskogo mestorozhdeniia kaliino-magnievykh solei [Studies of halopelite content in the B-V rock salt layer of the Verkhnekamsk potassium-magnesium salt deposit]. Gornaia promyshlennost', 2022, no. 4, pp. 103-108. DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-103-108 Scholar
Download PDF

Article information

Published
31 October 2024
Issue date
31 October 2024
Issue
Vol. 24, No. 4 (2024)
Share