ДУПЛЕКСНЫЕ СТАЛИ: СТРУКТУРА, ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЫ, МАКРОФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТИТУТИВНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ (ОБЗОР)

Трусов, П.В.; Котельникова, Н.В.; Макаревич, Е.С.; Няшина, Н.Д.

doi:10.15593/perm.mech/2025.3.10

ДУПЛЕКСНЫЕ СТАЛИ: СТРУКТУРА, ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЫ, МАКРОФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТИТУТИВНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ (ОБЗОР)

П.В. Трусов, Н.В. Котельникова, Е.С. Макаревич, Н.Д. Няшина

Сведения об авторах

П.В. Трусов
Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
Н.В. Котельникова
Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
Е.С. Макаревич
Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
Н.Д. Няшина
Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация

https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2025.3.10

Дуплексные нержавеющие стали являются широко востребованными материалами во многих отраслях современной промышленности благодаря сочетанию уникальных механических свойств и коррозионной стойкости, однако сложный фазовый состав и микроструктура, эволюционирующие в условиях внешнего термомеханического воздействия (в том числе в процессе эксплуатации), могут приводить к существенному изменению свойств стали. Приведен краткий обзор работ по исследованию механического поведения дуплексных сталей при различных условиях нагружения (циклическое нагружение, усталостный рост трещин, анализ коррозионной стойкости, процессы горячего и холодного деформирования). Рассмотрены методы и результаты экспериментальных исследований, а также предлагаемые в литературе на основе данных исследований макрофеноменологические определяющие соотношения (конститутивные модели), позволяющие описывать поведение рассматриваемого класса материалов при термомеханических воздействиях. На основе данных, приведенных в обзоре, можно сделать вывод о весьма сложном характере поведения рассматриваемых материалов, многообразии физических механизмов, реализующих и сопровождающих процессы деформирования при различных температурно-скоростных условиях нагружения. Необходимо также отметить существенное влияние на отклик материала сложного фазового и компонентного состава, характерного для рассматриваемого класса сталей. Указанными обстоятельствами, вероятно, обусловлено отсутствие универсальных физических уравнений, значительное количество разнообразных феноменологических определяющих соотношений и их модификаций, ориентированных на описание поведения конкретных марок сталей. В связи с этим наиболее перспективным для описания поведения дуплексных сталей представляется применение физически-ориентированных многоуровневых конститутивных моделей. Приведенные в настоящем обзоре данные могут быть использованы для определения наиболее важных физических механизмов деформирования, а также идентификации и верификации параметров данного класса моделей.

Ключевые слова

дуплексные сталиэкспериментальные исследованияструктурамеханизмы деформированияфазовые превращениямакрофеноменологические определяющие соотношения.

Duplex Steels: Structure, Experiments, Macrophenomenological Constitutive Models (Review)

Duplex stainless steels are widely used in many branches of modern industry due to the combination of unique mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, but the complex phase composition and microstructure evolving under external thermomechanical effects (including during operation) can lead to significant changes in the properties of steel. A brief overview of studies for duplex steels mechanical behavior under various loading conditions (cyclic loading, fatigue testing, corrosion resistance analysis, hot and cold forming processes) is given. The methods and results of experimental studies, as well as macrophenomenological constitutive relations (constitutive models) proposed in the literature based on these studies, allowing one to describe the behavior of the considered class of materials under thermomechanical effects, are considered. Based on the data presented in the review, one can conclude that the behavior of the materials under consideration is very complex, and there is a variety of physical mechanisms implementing and accompanying deformation processes under various temperature and rate loading conditions. It is also necessary to note the significant influence on the response of the material of the complex phase and component composition, characteristic of the class of steels under consideration. The above circumstances probably determine the absence of universal physical equations, a significant number of various phenomenological constitutive relations and their modifications, oriented on the description of the specific grades of steels behavior. In this regard, the most promising for description the behavior of duplex steels seems to be using the physically oriented multilevel constitutive models. The data presented in this review can be used to determine the most important physical mechanisms of deformation, as well as identifying and verifying the parameters of this class of models.

Keywords

duplex steelsexperimental studiesstructuredeformation mechanismsphase transformationsmacrophenomenological constitutive relations.

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Опубликована: 08.09.2025
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ДУПЛЕКСНЫЕ СТАЛИ: СТРУКТУРА, ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЫ, МАКРОФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТИТУТИВНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ (ОБЗОР)

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Duplex Steels: Structure, Experiments, Macrophenomenological Constitutive Models (Review)

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