Study of the scale effect of filtration-capacitive properties of a complex carbonate reservoir
Author details
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
Abstract
One of the fundamental challenges in studying the properties of productive oil and gas reservoirs is the scale effect. Analysis of multi-scale research results often reveals discrepancies in data. For example, porosity and permeability properties determined from standard and full-size samples for the same depth interval can vary significantly. Similarly, these differences become even more pronounced when transitioning to the scale of the near-wellbore zone. At the same time, the type of reservoir significantly influences the scale effect. In porous reservoirs, the scale effect may not be pronounced, whereas in complex reservoirs, transitioning from one scale to another can result in properties changing by an order of magnitude. This is due to high heterogeneity caused by secondary processes such as leaching, dolomitization, and recrystallization. Neglecting the scale effect can adversely affect understanding reservoir structure. In this study, the scale effect of properties was examined using a complex carbonate reservoir as an example. A qualitative assessment of the scale effect was performed using mathematical statistics and petrotypification methods. To quantitatively evaluate the scale effect, a multiple regression model was developed to adjust porosity values from standard core samples to full-size samples for constructing a porosity cube. Several machine learning algorithms were used to predict the permeability values of full-size samples, including gradient boosting, random forest, multilayer perceptron, and k-nearest neighbors. It was found that the random forest-based model was the most accurate. The developed models enable highly reliable predictions of porosity and permeability when transitioning between scales (R2= 0.77–0.94).
Keywords
Исследование масштабного эффекта фильтрационно-емкостных свойств сложнопостроенного карбонатного резервуара
Одной из фундаментальных проблем при изучении свойств продуктивных нефтегазовых резервуаров является масштабный эффект. При анализе результатов разномасштабных исследований зачастую отмечается различие данных. Например, для одного интервала глубин свойства пористости и проницаемости, определенные для стандартных и полноразмерных образцов, могут значительно различаться. Так и при переходе на масштаб околоскважинной зоны данное различие проявляется более контрастно. В то же время сильное влияние на масштабный эффект оказывает тип коллектора. Если для порового коллектора проявление масштабного эффекта свойств может быть незначительно, то в сложнопостроенных коллекторах при переходе от одного масштаба к другому свойства могут изменяться на порядок ввиду наличия высокой неоднородности, обусловленной наличием вторичных преобразований, таких как выщелачивание, доломитизация, перекристаллизация. Пренебрежение масштабным эффектом может оказать негативное влияние на понимание строение резервуара. В рамках данного исследования проведено изучение масштабного эффекта свойств на примере сложнопостроенного карбонатного коллектора. Выполнена качественная оценка масштабного эффекта методами математической статистики и петротипизации. Для количественной оценки масштабного эффекта построена модель множественной регрессии, позволяющей скорректировать значения пористости от стандартных образцов керна к полноразмерным для построения куба пористости. Для прогноза значений проницаемости полноразмерных образцов использовалось несколько алгоритмов машинного обучения, среди которых градиентный бустинг, случайный лес, многослойный перцептрон и k-ближайших соседей. Установлено, что наиболее точной является модель на основе алгоритма случайного леса. Построенные модели с высокой достоверностью позволяют прогнозировать пористость и проницаемость при изменении масштаба (R2 = 0,77–0,94).
Ключевые слова
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Article information
- Published
- 1 April 2025
- Issue date
- 1 April 2025
- Issue
- Vol. 25, No. 2 (2025)