Транспортировка проппанта в скважинах с низким дебитом нефти
Е.В. Кожевников, З.Г. Иванов, Ахмад Фарид Бин Абу Бакар, Хайрул Азлан Мустафа, Д.В. Кобяков, Лиюань Юй, Ф.Б. Бельков, Д.С. Федуров, А.П. Петровых
Сведения об авторах
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
- Университет Малайя, Куала-Лумпур, Малайзия
- Университет Малайя, Куала-Лумпур, Малайзия
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
- Китайский университет горного дела и технологий, Сюйчжоу, Китай
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
- Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Пермь, Российская Федерация
Аннотация
Эффективность работы нефтяных скважин с низким дебитом после гидроразрыва пласта часто снижается из-за остаточного проппанта и его выноса на ранней стадии, что может привести к его проникновению в насосы и значительному сокращению срока их службы. Регулирование выноса проппанта в таких скважинах остается актуальной проблемой, особенно из-за недостаточного понимания того, как проппант перемещается от забоя скважины к приему насоса. Данное исследование устраняет этот важный пробел в знаниях, представляя новаторские экспериментальные данные о поведении проппанта в условиях низкого дебита – первые данные, проливающие свет на основные механизмы. Используя современные лабораторные модели, воспроизводящие условия после гидроразрыва пласта, мы наблюдаем, что проппант стабильно достигает приема насоса посредством незаметного процесса: несмешивающиеся капли углеводородной жидкости инкапсулируют и транспортируют частицы проппанта вверх. Ключевые результаты включают в себя открытие того, что вязкость несмешивающейся фазы (например, нефти или керосина) не оказывает существенного влияния на транспортную способность капель. Более того, концентрация проппанта во время транспортировки не коррелирует с дебитом скважины, что опровергает общепринятые предположения. Новаторским открытием является роль пузырьков свободного газа: они увеличивают вероятность захвата проппанта каплями углеводородов, причем более высокие объемы газа напрямую связаны с повышенным содержанием проппанта в потоке. Эти выводы подтверждаются промысловыми данными по скважинам с высоким содержанием свободного газа вблизи забоя, где более короткие периоды работы насоса совпадали с предложенным механизмом. Выявив этот процесс транспортировки, исследование закладывает основу для разработки индивидуальных решений по управлению проппантом, открывая путь к повышению долговечности и эксплуатационных характеристик насосов в низкодебитных нефтяных скважинах.
Ключевые слова
Proppant Transport in the Low-Flow Oil Wells
The efficiency of low-flow oil wells after hydraulic fracturing is frequently compromised by residual proppant and early-phase proppant production, which can penetrate pumps and severely diminish their lifespan. Proppant management in such wells remains a persistent challenge, particularly due to the inadequate understanding of how proppant travels from the wellbore bottom to the pump intake. This study bridges that critical knowledge gap by introducing pioneering experimental findings on proppant behavior in low-flow conditions—the first to clarify the primary mechanisms at play. Using advanced laboratory simulations replicating post-fracturing environments, we observe that proppant consistently reaches the pump intake via an unnoticed process: immiscible hydrocarbon fluid droplets encapsulate and transport proppant particles upward. Key results include the revelation that the viscosity of the immiscible phase (e.g., oil or kerosene) does not significantly affect droplet transport capacity. Furthermore, proppant concentration during transport shows no correlation with well flow rates, overturning conventional assumptions. A groundbreaking insight is the role of free gas bubbles: they increase the likelihood of proppant being captured by hydrocarbon droplets, with higher gas volumes directly linked to elevated proppant levels in the flow. These conclusions are substantiated by field data from wells exhibiting high free gas content near the bottomhole, where shorter pump operational periods coincided with the proposed mechanism. By identifying this transport process, the research lays the groundwork for tailored proppant management solutions, paving the way for improved pump durability and operational performance in low-flow oil wells.
Keywords
Литература
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- 7.Pei Y., Xiong H. Enhancing Well Performance and Economic Value via Better Well Completion Design-A Delaware Basin Case Study. SPE Journal, 2023, vol. 28, no. 03, pp. 934-949. DOI: 10.2118/214284-PA Scholar
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- 9.Parker M., Weaver J., Van Batenburg D. Understanding Proppant Flowback. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 1999. DOI: 10.2118/56726-MS Scholar
- 10.Pandey V.J. Proppant Flowback Prevention and Control by Analysis of Early Time Well Production Data. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. DOI: 10.2118/214959-MS Scholar
- 11.Guo J. et al. Preparation and characterization of nanotitania@fatty acid modified quartz sand proppant with super-hydrophobic and oleophilic properties. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 2024, vol. 699. 134623 p. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.134623 Scholar
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- 19.Riabokon E. et al. Nonlinear Young's Modulus of New Red Sandstone: Experimental Studies. Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, 2021, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 989-999. DOI: 10.1007/s10338-021-00298-w Scholar
- 20.Kozhevnikov E.V. et al. Colloidal-induced permeability degradation assessment of porous media. Geotechnique Letters, 2022, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 217-224. DOI: 10.1680/jgele.22.00017 Scholar
- 21.Ahad N.A., Jami M., Tyson S. A review of experimental studies on sand screen selection for unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. J. Pet. Explor. Prod. Technol., 2020, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1675-1688. DOI: 10.1007/s13202-019-00826-y Scholar
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- 29.Hari S. et al. Impact of reservoir, fracturing fluid and proppant characteristics on proppant crushing and embedding in sandstone formations. J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 2021, vol. 95, 104187 p. DOI: 10.1016/j.jngse.2021.104187 Scholar
- 30.Dano D.K. et al. Recent advances in multifunctional proppant technology and increased well output with micro and nano proppants. J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 2021, vol. 196, 108026 p. DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108026 Scholar
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Информация о статье
- Опубликована
- 24.10.2025
- В выпуске
- 24.10.2025
- Выпуск
- Том 25, № 3 (2025)