Changes in the Composition and Properties of Oil and Wax Depositions after Microbiological Treatment

Author details
  • TatNIPIneft R&D Institute of the PJSC TATNEFT named after V.D. Shashin, Almetyevsk, Russian Federation
  • TatNIPIneft R&D Institute of the PJSC TATNEFT named after V.D. Shashin, Almetyevsk, Russian Federation
  • TatNIPIneft R&D Institute of the PJSC TATNEFT named after V.D. Shashin, Almetyevsk, Russian Federation
  • Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan, Russian Federation
  • Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan, Russian Federation
  • TatNIPIneft R&D Institute of the PJSC TATNEFT named after V.D. Shashin, Almetyevsk, Russian Federation

Abstract

Wax depositions are one of the most challenging problems in oil production, leading to reduced well productivity and increased repair and maintenance costs. This paper presents the first comparative analysis of changes in the composition and physicochemical properties of oil and high-molecular-weight compounds exposed to indigenous microbial strains isolated from formation water and wax depositions at the Romashkinskoye field, demonstrating high biodegradation efficiency. Biodegraded oil and wax depositions demonstrated a decrease in the content of low-molecular-weight alkanes, changes in the composition of resin-asphaltene components, and changes in the structure of asphaltenes. Different potentials of the bacterial consortia used for oil and wax depositions treatment were identified. The obtained results can be used to develop a microbiological method for preventing the formation and removal of wax depositions. Numerous methods for removing wax depositions are currently known, among which the microbiological method stands out as the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective. This method utilizes a microbial association of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria capable of converting asphaltene, resin, and paraffin deposits. Aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, which utilize oil hydrocarbons as their sole nutritional source, are injected into the wellbore or near-wellbore formation zone. The solution is left in the treated zone for 5–7 days. During their life cycle, the microorganisms injected into the formation release alcohols, solvents, biopolymers, and weak organic acids (such as acetic, formic, and others) into the environment. These acids reduce the viscosity and pour point of the oil, as well as gases that increase formation pressure, thereby promoting oil displacement toward the wellbore. The waste products of microorganisms capable of oxidizing oil hydrocarbons show destructive, cleaning, and inhibitory properties against asphaltene, resin, and paraffin deposits. The main technological result of this approach is an increase in the interval between treatments, with the frequency of well treatments ranging from 4 to 12 months.

Keywords

oilwax depositionscompositionpropertiesbiodegradationmicrobial consortiaDean-Stark trapspectroscopy datareduction of aromatic nucleus content

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Article information

Published
21 November 2025
Issue date
21 November 2025
Issue
Vol. 25, No. 4 (2025)
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