METHODS FOR REDUCING NOTCH SENSITIVITY OF HYBRID PSEUDO-DUCTILE POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH FABRIC REINFORCEMENT: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Author details
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Abstract
Composite materials reinforced with synthetic fibres have been used in aviation and space technology for more than half a century. Fibre-reinforced composites with high specific strength and corrosion resistance are an attractive alternative to traditional structural materials, including steels, aluminium and titanium alloys. At the same time, composites based on carbon and glass fibres are inherently brittle structural materials with high strength sensitivity to stress concentrations due to the design features of the structures or defects that occur in operation. One way to solve this problem is hybridisation which makes it possible to increase the nonlinearity of the composite stress-strain diagram and reduce sensitivity to notches. Hybrid composites combine several types of reinforcing filler with different fracture strains and exhibit a pronounced pseudo-ductile plateau in tension. Such material behaviour ensures the redistribution of stresses near the concentrator and potentially reduce notch sensitivity. When designing hybrids, it is necessary to take into account the influence of different factors including the ratio between the components and their lay-up, using various technological methods, and the specific strength of the finished material. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the strength of hybrid composites based on glass and carbon fabrics in the open hole tests. It was found that hybrids with an extended hardening area after the pseudo-yield plateau are were more notch sensitive. A low elongation component layers rotation on angles up to 10° as well as the use of thin polymer veils, also reduce the sensitivity of the composite strength to the presence of the defects.
Keywords
polymer composite materialstress concentrationhybridisationpseudo-ductilitynotch sensitivity
Bibliography
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- 1.Allaer K., Baere I.D., Lava P., Paepegem W.V., Degrieck J. On the in-plane mechanical properties of stainless steel fibre reinforced ductile composites. Composites Science and Technology, 2014, Vol. 100, pp. 34-43. Scholar
- 2.Callens M.G., Gorbatikh L., Verpoest I. Ductile steel fibre composites with brittle and ductile matrices. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014, Vol. 61, pp. 235-244. Scholar
- 3.Callens M.G., Gorbatikh L., Bertels E., Goderis B., Smet M., Verpoest I. Tensile behaviour of stainless steel fibre/epoxy composites with modified adhesion. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, Vol. 69, pp. 208-218. Scholar
- 4.Mishnaevsky L., Branner K., Petersen H.N., Beauson J., McGugan M., Sorensen B.F. Materials for Wind Turbine Blades: An Overview. Materials, 2017, Vol. 10(11), article 1285. Scholar
- 5.Swolfs Y., Crauwels L., Gorbatikh L., Verpoest I. The influence of weave architecture on the mechanical properties of self-reinforced polypropylene. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2013, Vol. 53, pp. 129-136. Scholar
- 6.Schneider C., Kazemahvazi S., Akermo M., Zenkert D. Compression and tensile properties of self-reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)-composites. Polymer Testing, 2012, Vol. 32, pp. 221-230. Scholar
- 7.Hine P.J., Ward I.M. Hot compaction of woven nylon 6,6 multifilaments. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2016, Vol 101(2), pp. 991-997. Scholar
- 8.Swolfs Y., Gorbatikh L., Verpoest I. Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites: a review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014, Vol. 67, pp. 181-200. Scholar
- 9.Phillips L.N. On the usefulness of glass-fibre-carbon hybrids. British Plastics Federation Congress, 1976, article 21. Scholar
- 10.Lovell D.R. Hybrid laminates of glass/carbon fibres - 1. Reinforced Plastics, 1978, pp. 216-221. Scholar
- 11.Lovell D.R. Hybrid laminates of glass/carbon fibres - 1. Reinforced Plastics, 1978, pp. 252-256. Scholar
- 12.Wu Z.S., Yang C.Q., Tobe Y.H., Ye L.P., Harada T. Electrical and Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid CFRP Sheets. Journal of Composite Materials, 2015, Vol. 40(3), pp. 227-244. Scholar
- 13.Jalalvand M., Czel G., Wismon M. R. Damage analysis of pseudo-ductile thin-ply UD hybrid composites - A new analytical method. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, Vol. 69, pp. 83-93. Scholar
- 14.Czel G., Wismon M.R. Demonstration of pseudo-ductility in high performance glass/epoxy composites by hybridisation with thin-ply carbon prepreg. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2013, Vol. 52, pp. 23-30. Scholar
- 15.Czel G., Jalalvand M., Wismon M.R. Design and characterisation of advanced pseudo-ductile unidirectional thin-ply carbon/epoxy-glass/epoxy hybrid composites. Composite Structures, 2016, Vol 143, pp. 362-370. Scholar
- 16.Wismon M.R., Czel G., Swolfs Y., Jalalvand M., Gorbatikh L., Verpoest I. Hybrid effects in thin ply carbon/glass unidirectional laminates: Accurate experimental determination and prediction. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, Vol. 88, pp. 131-139. Scholar
- 17.Leshkov, E. V., Sapozhnikov, S. B. Modeling the Nonlinear Deformation and Damage of Carbon-Aramid Fabric Composites in Tension. Mechanics of Composite Materials, 2020, Vol. 56, pp. 591-600. Scholar
- 18.Arteiro A., Catalanotti G, Xavier J, Camanho PP. Large damage capability of non-crimp fabric thin-ply laminates. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014, Vol. 63, pp. 110-122. Scholar
- 19.Arteiro A., Catalanotti G., Xavier J., Camanho P.P. Notched response of non-crimp fabric thin-ply laminates. Composites Science and Technology, 2013, Vol. 79, pp. 97-114. Scholar
- 20.Wu, X., Fuller, J. D., Longana, M. L., & Wismon, M. R. Reduced notch sensitivity in pseudo-ductile CFRP thin ply angle-ply laminates with central 0° plies. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, Vol. 111, pp. 62-72. Scholar
- 21.Wu X., Fuller J.D., Wismon M.R. Open-hole response of pseudo-ductile thin-ply angle-ply laminates. 17th European Conference on Composites Materials, 2016. Scholar
- 22.Daniel I.M. Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials. Oxford University Press; 2nd edition, 2005. - 411 c. Scholar
- 23.URL: https://www.e-zim.ru/ Scholar
- 24.URL: http://www.hccomposite.com/ Scholar
- 25.Sapozhnikov, S.B., Cheremnykh, S.I. The strength of fibre reinforced polymer under a complex loading. Journal of Composite Materials, 2013, Vol. 47(20-21), pp. 2525-2552. Scholar
- 26.Daniels H.E. The statistical theory of the strength of bundles of threads. Proceedings of the Royal Society a mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1945, Vol. 183, pp. 405-435. Scholar
- 27.Keating T.J., Wolf P.R., Scarpace F. L., An Improved Method of Digital Image Correlation. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1975, Vol. 41(8), pp. 993-1002. Scholar
- 28.Fuller J., Wismon M. Pseudo-ductility and damage suppression of thin ply CFRP angle-ply laminates. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, Vol. 69, pp. 64-71. Scholar
- 29.Fuller J.D., Jalalvand M., Wismon M.R. Combining fibre rotation and fragmentation to achieve pseudo-ductile CFRP laminates. Composite Structures, 2016, Vol 142, pp. 155-166. Scholar
- 30.Fuller J.D., Wismon M.R. Exploration of the potential for pseudo-ductility in thin ply CFRP angle-ply laminates via an analytical method. Composites Science and Technology, 2015, Vol. 112, pp. 8-15. Scholar
- 31.Song L., Li J., Zhao Y., Chen X., Chen, L. Improvement of interlaminar shear strength of 2.5D fabric laminated composites with short-cut web interlayer. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 2017, Vol. 37(3), pp. 261-269. Scholar
- 32.Song Y.S., Oh H., Jeong T.T., Youn J. R. A Novel Manufacturing Method for Carbon Nanotube/Aramid Fiber Filled Hybrid Multi-component Composites. Advanced Composite Materials, 2018, Vol. 17(4), pp. 333-341. Scholar
- 33.Ladani R.B., Ravindran A.R., Wu S., Pingkarawat K., Kinloch A.J., Mouritz A.P., Wang C. H. Multi-scale toughening of fibre composites using carbon nanofibres and z-pins. Composites Science and Technology, 2016, Vol 131, pp. 98-109. Scholar
- 34.Beylergil B., Tanoglu M., Aktas E. Effect of polyamide-6,6 (PA 66) nonwoven veils on the mechanical performance of carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Composite Structures, 2018, Vol. 194, pp. 21-35. Scholar
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