Experimental determination of artificial notch opening displacements for tension of composite plate with a hole

Vladimir S. Pisarev, Svyatoslav I. Eleonsky

Author details

Vladimir S. Pisarev
Central Aero-Hydrodynamics Institute named after N.E. Zhukovsky, Zhukovsky, Russian Federation
Svyatoslav I. Eleonsky
Central Aero-Hydrodynamics Institute named after N.E. Zhukovsky, Zhukovsky, Russian Federation

https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2025.4.11

The results of determining the opening values of an artificial notch, which simulates a crack in a real composite material by using the electronic speckle interferometry (ESPI) method are presented. The main feature of the presented approach is that precision optical interference measurements of the opening values are carried out directly on the borders of the notch. High-quality interference fringe patterns caused by local removal of material between two exposures are visualized. The data obtained provide a quantitative description of the fields of purely deformational displacements, both in the "close field" and in the far vicinity of the notch top. On this basis, the distribution of the notch opening along its length is constructed when a rectangular composite plate with a hole is stretched. The notch consists of two branches that are directed in opposite directions from the intersection points of the contour of the hole and the short symmetry axis of the rectangular plate. The tensile load acts perpendicular to the notch line. It is shown that the sequence of applying a two-sided notch has practically no effect on the measurement results of the displacement components. Experimental data were obtained for notches of different lengths at different levels of external load. The dependences of the notch opening average values at notch initial points on the notch average length and the values of external tensile stresses are constructed. The obtained dependences demonstrate the obvious nonlinearity of the deformation process in the irregular zone of the coupons, both with a change in the length of the notch and the external load. These data are of considerable interest from the point of view of verifying the calculation methods used to determine the parameters of fracture mechanics for cracks in composite structures.

Keywords

composite materialsexperimental fracture mechanicsartificial notchnotch openingelectronic speckle interferometry

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВЕЛИЧИН РАСКРЫТИЯ БЕРЕГОВ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО НАДРЕЗА ПРИ РАСТЯЖЕНИИ КОМПОЗИТНОЙ ПЛАСТИНЫ С ОТВЕРСТИЕМ

Представлены результаты определения величин раскрытия искусственного надреза, моделирующего трещину в реальном композиционном материале, с помощью метода электронной спекл-интерферометрии (ESPI). Главная особенность представленного подхода заключается в том, что прецизионные оптико-интерференционные измерения величин раскрытия проводятся непосредственно на берегах надреза. Визуализированы картины интерференционных полос высокого качества, вызванные локальным удалением материала между двумя экспозициями. Полученные данные обеспечивают количественное описание полей чисто деформационных перемещений, как в «ближнем поле», так и в дальней окрестности вершины надреза. На этой основе построены распределения раскрытия надреза по его длине при растяжении прямоугольной композитной пластины с отверстием. Надрез состоит из двух ветвей, которые направлены в противоположных направлениях от точек пересечения контура отверстия и короткой оси симметрии прямоугольной пластины. Растягивающая нагрузка действует перпендикулярно линии надреза. Показано, что последовательность нанесения двустороннего надреза практически не влияет на результаты измерений компонент перемещений. Экспериментальные данные получены для надрезов различной длины при различных уровнях внешней нагрузки. Построены зависимости средних значений раскрытия надреза в его начальных точках от усредненной длины надреза и величин внешних растягивающих напряжений. Полученные зависимости, демонстрируют явную нелинейность процесса деформирования в нерегулярной зоне образцов как при изменении длины надреза, так и внешней нагрузки. Приведенные данные представляют значительный интерес с точки зрения верификации расчетных методов, используемых при определении параметров механики разрушения для трещин в композитных конструкциях.

Ключевые слова

композиционные материалыэкспериментальная механика разрушенияискусственный надрезраскрытие надрезаэлектронная спекл-интерферометрия

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Article information

Published: 8 December 2025
Issue date: 8 December 2025
Issue: No. 4 (2025)