Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing in Horizontal Wells: Sensitivity Analysis of Grid Dip Angle

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Abstract

This article presents the results of comprehensive numerical modelling of hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells, conducted using structured “corner point” grids in the domestic software package tNavigator. The study focuses on analysing the sensitivity of simulation results to the grid dip angle. The methodology involved constructing a series of hydrodynamic models with varying grid inclination angles (0°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 30°), followed by a detailed comparative analysis of key technological indicators, including cumulative oil production, reservoir pressure dynamics, and water cut. The findings reveal a significant dependence of horizontal well productivity on grid dip angle in simulations excluding hydraulic fracturing. Increasing the dip angle to 30° was found to enhance cumulative oil production by 35.2% while stabilising reservoir pressure in the drainage zone. Notably, water cut parameters showed no statistically significant correlation with grid inclination. Of particular scientific interest is the substantial reduction in model sensitivity to grid configuration when incorporating multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technology – the difference in cumulative production between extreme discretisation variants decreased from 35.2 % to 4.8 %, demonstrating the compensatory effect of artificially created fracture networks. The practical significance of this work lies in demonstrating that when modelling hydraulic fracturing, the determining parameters are the geomechanical properties of the rock and fracture characteristics, while the grid dip angle plays a secondary role. These results enable optimisation of hydrodynamic modelling processes, reducing computational costs without compromising forecast accuracy. Future research could be expanded to analyse the influence of other discretisation parameters and employ machine learning methods to automate model sensitivity analysis processes.

Keywords

structured gridcorner-point geometryhydrodynamic model3D gridhorizontal wellmultistage hydraulic fracturingcarbonate reservoirgrid dip anglecommercial simulatorsensitivity analysisnumerical modellingfluid flowgeomechanical propertiesadaptive gridsproduction optimisation.

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Article information

Published
14 May 2026
Issue date
14 May 2026
Issue
Vol. 26, No. 2 (2026)
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