ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МИКРО- И НАНОКОМПОЗИЦИОННОГО ПОКРЫТИЯ МЕДИ И ЭЛЕКТРОКОРУНДА

Молчанов, Е.К.; Вахрушев, А.В.

doi:10.15593/perm.mech/2023.5.05

ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МИКРО- И НАНОКОМПОЗИЦИОННОГО ПОКРЫТИЯ МЕДИ И ЭЛЕКТРОКОРУНДА

Е.К. Молчанов, А.В. Вахрушев

Сведения об авторах

Е.К. Молчанов
Удмуртский Федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Ижевск, Российская Федерация
А.В. Вахрушев
Удмуртский Федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Ижевск, Российская Федерация

https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2023.5.05

Описывается математическая модель и результаты численного исследования элек- трохимических, диффузных и кинетических процессов соосаждения меди и микро- и нано- частиц Al2O3 на поверхность медного электрода. Приведен математический аппарат для комплексного физико-химического математического моделирования процессов, сопровож- дающих формирование нанокомпозиционных покрытий из сернокислых электролитов мед- нения: электрохимического осаждения меди на поверхности катода, физической адсорб- ции наночастиц на поверхности катода и роста слоя покрытия. Для описания движения электролита использовалась модель k-ε на базе осредненных уравнений Рейнольдса с демпфирующими функциями согласно модели Abe – Kondoh – Nagano (k-ε AKN). Проведе- но сравнение результатов моделирования с экспериментальными данными. Представле- ны результаты математического моделирования электрохимического осаждения металли- ческой меди Cu на вращающийся цилиндрический электрод с учетом гидродинамики пото- ка электролита. Массоперенос электроактивных ионов электролита происходит за счет трех основных механизмов: диффузии, миграции, конвекции, и описывается уравнениями конвективной диффузии, исследуется во всем объеме электролитической ячейки. Катод- ные и анодные процессы описываются на основе третичного распределения тока. Пред- ставлены результаты математического моделирования совместного электрохимического осаждения композиционных покрытий Cu–Al2O3 на вращающийся цилиндрический элек- трод с учетом гидродинамики потока электролита. Моделирование проводилось во всем объеме электрохимической ячейки, а не только в пределах диффузионного слоя, что по- зволило учитывать перенос частиц и ионов электролита за счет конвекции и миграции. Проведенное математическое моделирование позволило детально исследовать кинетику указанных процессов и показало удовлетворительное соответствие с экспериментальны- ми результатами.

Ключевые слова

математическое моделированиеэлектрохимияэлектрокинетические силыдиффузиягидродинамикакомпозитные покрытиямикро- и наночастицы.

The physical and mechanical model of electrochemical processes of forming copper and electrocorundum micro- and nanocomposite coatings

The article describes a mathematical model and the results of a numerical study of electro- chemical, diffuse and kinetic processes of co-deposition of metallic copper and micro- and nano- particles of electrocorundum on the surface of a metal electrode. A mathematical apparatus for complex physical and chemical mathematical modeling of the processes accompanying the for- mation of nanocomposite coatings from copper sulphate electrolytes is presented, i.e. the elec- trochemical deposition of metallic copper on the cathode surface, physical adsorption of micro- and nanoparticles on the cathode surface and growth of the coating layer. To describe the movement of the electrolyte, the k-ε model based on the averaged Reynolds equations with damping functions according to the Abe – Kondoh – Nagano model (k-ε AKN) was used. The modelling results are compared with the experimental data. The mathematical modeling results of the electrochemical deposition of metallic copper Cu on a rotating cylindrical electrode are presented. The mass transfer of the electroactive electrolyte ions occurs due to three main mechanisms: diffusion, migration and convection. Ion and particle mass transfer is described by the equations of convective diffusion and studied in the entire volume of the electrolytic bath. The cathodic and anodic processes are described on the basis of the tertiary current distribution. The mathematical modeling results of the joint electrochemical deposition of Cu-Al2O3 composite coatings on a rotating cylindrical electrode are presented taking into account the hydrodynamics of the electrolyte flow. The simulation is carried out in the entire volume of the electrochemical cell, and not only within the diffusion layer, which allows taking into account the transfer of elec- trolyte particles and ions by convection and migration. The current numerical study made it pos- sible to investigate in detail the kinetics of these processes and showed good agreement with the experimental results.

Keywords

mathematical modelingelectrochemistryelectrokinetic forcesdiffusionhydrodynamicscomposite coatingsmicro- and nanoparticles.

Литература

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2.Raghavendra C.R., Basavarajappa S., Sogalad I. A review on Ni based nano composite coatings. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, Vol. 39, pp. 6- 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.810 Scholar
3.Pinate S., Leisner P., Zanella C. Wear resistance and self- lubrication of electrodeposited Ni- SiC:MoS2 mixed particles composite coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2021, Vol.421, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127400 Scholar
4.Zhang Y., Zhang J., Wang Z., Liu J. Electrochemical behavior and electro- crystallization mechanism of Cu- Ni/ Nano- Al2O3 coating with a deposition current density dependence. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2023, Vol.952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169988 Scholar
5.Ayoola A., Fayomi O., Popoola A. Anticorrosion properties and thin film composite deposition of Zn- SiC- Cr3C2 coating on mild steel. Defence Technology, 2019, Vol.15, pp. 106- 110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2018.04.008 Scholar
6.Wang Y., Qi Y. Study on Electrodeposition of ZnNiAl2O3 Composite Coating on 40Mn Steel and its Corrosion Behavior in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2022, Vol.17. https://doi.org/10.20964/2022.10.46 Scholar
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17.Aliofkhazrae M. Development of electrodeposited multilayer coatings: A review of fabrication, microstructure, properties and applications. Applied Surface Science Advances, 2021, Vol.6, pp.100- 141. doi:10.1016/j.apsadVol.2021.100141 Scholar
18.Frank C.W., Shuncai W., Nan Z. The electrodeposition of composite coatings: Diversity, applications and challenges. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 2020, Vol.20, pp.8- 19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2020.01.011 Scholar
19.Hwang B.J., Hwang J.R. Kinetic model of anodic oxidation of titanium in sulphuric acid. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 1993, Vol.23, pp.1056- 1062. doi:10.1007/BF00266129 Scholar
20.Huerta M.E., Pritzker M.D. EIS and statistical analysis of copper electrodeposition accounting for multi- component transport and reactions. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2006, Vol.594, pp.118- 132. doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.05.026 Scholar
21.Lee J., Talbot J.B. A Model of Electrocodeposition on a Rotating Cylinder Electrode. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2007, Vol.154, pp.70- 77. doi:10.1149/1.2398819 Scholar
22.Eroglu D., West A.C. Mathematical Modeling of Ni/SiC Co- Deposition in the Presence of a Cationic Dispersant. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2013, Vol.160, pp.354- 360. doi:10.1149/2.052309jes Scholar
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24.Vakhrushev A.V., Molchanov E.K. Hydrodynamic Modeling of Electrocodeposition on a Rotating Cylinder Electrode. Key Engineering Materials, 2015, Vol.654, pp.29- 33. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.654.29 Scholar
25.Stojak J.L., Talbot J.B. Effect of Particles on Polarization During Electrocodeposition Using a Roatatig Cylinder Electrode. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2001, Vol.31, pp.559- 564. doi:10.1023/A:1017558430864 Scholar
26.Stojak J.L., Talbot J.B. Investigation of Electrocodeposition Using a Rotating Cylinder Electrode. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 1999, Vol.146, pp.4504- 4513. doi:10.1149/1.1392665 Scholar
27.Wilcox D.C. Turbulence Modeling for CFD. California: DCW Industries, 1998, 477 p. doi:10.1017/S0022112095211388 Scholar
28.Abe K., Kondoh T., Nagano Y. A New Turbulence Model for Predicting Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Separating and Reattaching Flows—I. Flow Field Calculations. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 1994, Vol.37, pp.139- 151. doi:10.1016/0017- 9310(94)90168- 6 Scholar
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30.Alizadeh M., Safaei H. Characterization of Ni- Cu matrix, Al2O3 reinforced nano- composite coatings prepared by electrodeposition. Applied Surface Science, 2018- Vol.456, pp.195- 203 doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.06.095 Scholar
31.Gan.H., Liu G., Shi C., Tang R., Xiong Y., Liu Y., Liu H. Comparison of three artificial neural networks for predict the electrodeposition of nano- silver film. Materials Today Communications, 2021, Vol.26, pp.101- 110. doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101950 Scholar
32.Fathy A, Megahed A. Prediction of abrasive wear rate of in situ Cu- Al2O3 nanocomposite using artificial neural networks. Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 2012, Vol.62, pp.953- 63. doi:10.1007/s00170- 011- 3861 Scholar

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Опубликована: 04.12.2023
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Выпуск: № 5 (2023)

ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МИКРО- И НАНОКОМПОЗИЦИОННОГО ПОКРЫТИЯ МЕДИ И ЭЛЕКТРОКОРУНДА

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Ключевые слова

The physical and mechanical model of electrochemical processes of forming copper and electrocorundum micro- and nanocomposite coatings

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Литература

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