Gapped Momentum States and Dispersion Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Viscoelastic Media
Author details
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Perm, Russian Federation
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Perm, Russian Federation; Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Perm, Russian Federation; Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
Abstract
The occurrence of gapped momentum states at different scales, characterized by wave- number intervals with zero frequency values in the dispersion relation, determines qualitative changes in the momentum transfer mechanism during the interaction of collective modes in non- equilibrium critical systems. To describe the formation of gaps in dispersion curves one needs specialized forms of the dispersion relation. The investigation of dispersion relations with the gap in momentum space can facilitate the establishment of universal viscoelastic properties in con- densed matter under specific conditions, where fluids exhibit shear elasticity and solids demon- strate flow behavior. The paper focuses on identification of gapped momentum states in the anal- ysis of dispersion relation obtained using viscoelastic models, specifically the Kelvin – Voigt, Max- well, standard linear solid, and fractional derivative Kelvin – Voigt models. To derive wave equations corresponding to the presented models, a modification of the wave equation for non- decayed transverse waves in solids was performed to account for viscosity and dissipation. Using the plane wave hypothesis, the general form of the dispersion equations was determined for each model, and analytical (numerical) solutions were obtained. Criteria for a qualitative change in the form of the dispersion relations accompanied by the appearance of a gap in momentum space (k- space) have been formulated. Frequency-wavenumber dispersion curves were constructed for various relaxation and retardation times, considering classical viscoelastic models. The phenom- enological significance of fractional models for describing the mechanical behavior of polymeric, composite, and biological systems with a broad spectrum of relaxation mechanisms is highlighted. A numerical solution for the fractional derivative Kelvin-Voigt model was obtained for various val- ues of the fractional derivative order. It is shown that the dispersion equations of the fractional derivative Kelvin – Voigt model and the standard linear solid model transform into the dispersion relations of the Kelvin – Voigt and Maxwell models, respectively, under specific conditions, which indicate the adequacy of the derived relations.
Keywords
ЩЕЛЕВЫЕ ИМПУЛЬСНЫЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ И ДИСПЕРСИОННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ВЯЗКОУПРУГИХ СРЕД
Появление «щелевых состояний» на различных масштабах, представляющих собой интер- валы волновых чисел с нулевыми значениями частот при построении дисперсионных кривых, определяет качественные изменения механизма переноса импульса при взаимодействии коллек- тивных мод в неравновесных «критических» системах. Описание формирования «щелей» или раз- рывов дисперсионных кривых требует записи дисперсионных соотношений специального вида. Исследование дисперсионных соотношений с разрывом в пространстве импульсов может способ- ствовать установлению универсальных вязкоупругих свойств конденсированных сред при опреде- ленных условиях, когда жидкости демонстрируют сдвиговую упругость, а твёрдые тела проявляют способность течь. Основное внимание статьи сосредоточено на обнаружении «щелевых состоя- ний» при анализе дисперсионных соотношений, полученных с использованием вязкоупругих мо- делей Кельвина – Фойгта, Максвелла, стандартного линейного тела, модели Кельвина – Фойгта с дробной производной. Для получения волновых уравнений, соответствующих представленным моделям, была проведена модификация уравнения упругой поперечной волны в твёрдых телах для учёта вязкости и диссипации. С использованием гипотезы плоской волны определён общий вид дисперсионных уравнений для каждой модели и аналитические (численное) решения для них. Сформулированы критерии качественного изменения вида дисперсионных уравнений, сопровож- дающегося появлением разрыва в пространстве импульсов (k-пространстве). При рассмотрении классических вязкоупругих моделей построены графики зависимости частоты от волнового числа при различных значениях времен ленкласации и ретардации. Подчёркнута феноменологическая значимость дробных моделей для описания механического поведения полимерных, композитных и биологических систем, характеризующихся широким спектром релаксационных механизмов. Для модели Кельвина – Фойгта с дробной производной построено численное решение при раз- личных значениях порядка дробной производной. Показано, что дисперсионные уравнения мо- дели Кельвина – Фойгта с дробной производной и модели стандартного линейного тела при опре- делённых условиях преобразуются в дисперсионные соотношения моделей Кельвина – Фойгта и Максвелла соответственно, что указывает на адекватность полученных соотношений.
Ключевые слова
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