Multiparametric Optimization of the Rotor Blade Design of a Helicopter with Controlled Geometry

A.N. Anoshkin, P.V. Pisarev, E.G. Nureeva, S.R. Bayandin

Author details

A.N. Anoshkin
Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
P.V. Pisarev
Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
E.G. Nureeva
Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
S.R. Bayandin
Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation

https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2024.3.01

In flight, a helicopter’s rotor blades create significant fluctuations and noise due to changes in the aerodynamic loads acting on them when their azimuth angle changes. Various methods are used to reduce the resulting vibrations and noise. For example, with the advent of active materials, the concept of a rotor with an active twisting was proposed. The actuators integrated into the main rotor blade skin initiate dynamic twisting and curvature of the blade, adapted at any time to flight conditions and signifi- cantly reducing vibrations and noise, as well as improving flight characteristics. This work aims at the multiparametric optimization of the blade design with controlled geometry. The problem of the multiparametric optimization of a composite structure based on thermo- piezoelectric analogy is formulated. The target function is selected. The optimization parameters of the blade design are determined and constraints for the selected parameters are formulated. A design method of the blade structure with controlled geometry has been developed, which includes three program blocks. The first block is a mathematical model. The second block is the construction of the matrix of planning experiments. The third block is to obtain a surface re- sponse and search for an extremum. The optimal parameters of the active (control) and power elements of the blade design with controlled geometry are determined. The obtained solution of the optimization problem was compared with the results of the di- rect numerical simulation. When conducting the direct numerical simulation, controlled defor- mations of the blade under study were calculated at different values of the control electric volt- age, the problem was solved in a related formulation using the obtained geometric parameters. Thus, the results of this study can be applied in the design of structures with controlled geometry.

Keywords

multiparametric optimizationcomposite materialscontrolled geometrybladethermo-piezoelectric analogyobjective functionoptimization parametersconstraintsexperiment planningmethodologyoptimal design

МНОГОПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКАЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ КОНСТРУКЦИИ ЛОПАСТИ НЕСУЩЕГО ВИНТА ВЕРТОЛЕТА С УПРАВЛЯЕМОЙ ГЕОМЕТРИЕЙ

Во время полета лопасти несущего винта вертолета создают существенные колеба- ния и шум в силу изменения действующих на них аэродинамических нагрузок при измене- нии их азимутального угла. Для снижения возникающих вибраций и шума используют раз- личные методы. Например, с появлением активных материалов была предложена концеп- ция несущего винта с активным закручиванием. Актуаторы, интегрированные в обшивку лопасти несущего винта, создают динамическое закручивание и искривленность лопасти, приспособленные в любой момент времени к условиям полета, существенно уменьшаю- щие колебания и шум, а также улучшающие летные характеристики. Настоящая работа посвящена многопараметрической оптимизации конструкции лопасти несущего винта вертолета с управляемой геометрией. Сформулирована постановка задачи многопараметрической оптимизации композитной конструкции на основе термопьезоэлек- трической аналогии. Выбрана целевая функция. Определены основные варьируемые пара- метры конструкции лопасти и сформулированы ограничения для выбранных параметров. Разработана методика проектирования конструкции лопасти с управляемой геометрией, которая включает в себя три программных блока. Первый блок – математическая модель. Второй блок – построение матрицы планирования эксперимента. Третий блок – получение поверхностного отклика и поиск экстремума. Определены оптимальные параметры активных (управляющих) и силовых элементов конструкции лопасти с управляемой геометрией. Полученное решение оптимизационной задачи сравнивалось с результатами прямого численного моделирования. При проведении прямого численного моделирования рассчиты- тывались управляемые деформации исследуемой лопасти при различных значениях управляющего электрического напряжения, задача решалась в связанной трехмерной постановке с использованием полученных геометрических параметров. Результаты настоящего исследования могут быть применимы при проектировании конструкций с управляемой геометрией.

Ключевые слова

многопараметрическая оптимизациякомпозиционные материалыуправляемая геометриялопастьтермопьезоэлектрическая аналогияцелевая функцияпараметры оптимизацииограниченияпланирование экспериментаметодикаоптимальное проектирование

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Article information

Published: 5 September 2024
Issue date: 5 September 2024
Issue: No. 3 (2024)