APPLICATION OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD IN COMBINATION WITH THE CONTACT LAYER METHOD TO DETERMINE THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF MULTILAYER BEAMS
Author details
- Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
- Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to develop a method for calculating multilayer beams using the finite element method in combination with the contact layer method. The contact layer is an elastic anisotropic medium, consisting of rigid short bars, working only in tension-compression in the vertical direction and shear. The contact layers model the connections through which the layers of multilayer beams interact. To determine the stress-strain state of the beam, it is represented as a set of beam finite elements (FE) of each layer connected by finite elements of contact layers. As beam elements, modified FEs are used, in which horizontal displacements along the upper and lower edges, as well as deflection, act as degrees of freedom in the node. An example of the calculation of a three-layer beam hinged at the ends under the action of a uniformly distributed load is presented. The outer layers of the beam are made of carbon fiber, and the middle layer is made of the syntactic one based on glass spheres. The calculation is performed with and without taking into account the deformations of the transverse shear of the layers. The meshing of the beam along the length into finite elements is assumed to be non-uniform with a thickening in the near-support zone in order to be able to catch the edge effects. The solution is implemented in the MATLAB environment. As a result of the calculation, it was found that there is a range of change in which the stiffness of the contact layers does not have a noticeable effect on the deflections of the structure. For the considered example, a significant difference was revealed in the values of maximum displacements, as well as in the character of the diagrams of bending moments and shear forces in the outer layers when calculating with and without taking into account transverse shear deformations. At the same time, transverse shear deformations do not have a noticeable effect on the stresses in the contact layers.
Keywords
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА КОНЕЧНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В СОЧЕТАНИИ С МЕТОДОМ КОНТАКТНОГО СЛОЯ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ БАЛОК
Разработана методика расчета многослойных балок с применением метода конечных элементов в сочетании с методом контактного слоя. Контактный слой представляет собой упругую анизотропную среду, состоящую из жестких коротких стержней, работающих только на растяжение – сжатие в вертикальном направлении и сдвиг. Контактные слои моделируют связи, посредством которых между собой взаимодействуют слои многослойных балок. Для определения напряженно-деформированного состояния балка представляется как совокупность балочных конечных элементов каждого слоя, соединенных конечными элементами контактных слоев. В качестве балочных элементов используются видоизмененные конечные элементы, у которых в качестве степеней свободы в узле выступают горизонтальные перемещения по верхней и нижней кромке, а также прогиб. Представлен пример расчета шарнирно опертой по концам трехслойной балки под действием равномерно распределенной нагрузки. Крайние слои балки выполнены из углепластика, а средний слой – из синтактика на основе стеклосфер. Расчет выполняется с учетом и без учета деформаций поперечного сдвига слоев. Разбиение балки по длине на конечные элементы принимается неравномерное со сгущением в приопорной зоне для возможности уловить краевые эффекты. Решение программно реализовано в среде MATLAB. В результате расчета установлено, что существует диапазон изменения, в котором жесткость контактных слоев не оказывает заметного влияния на прогибы конструкции. Для рассмотренного примера выявлено существенное различие в величинах максимальных перемещений, а также в характере эпюр изгибающих моментов и поперечных сил в крайних слоях при расчете с учетом и без учета деформаций поперечного сдвига. В то же время деформации поперечного сдвига не оказывают заметного влияния на напряжения в контактных слоях.
Ключевые слова
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Article information
- Published
- 5 October 2023
- Issue date
- 5 October 2023
- Issue
- No. 4 (2023)