Forecasting geodynamic phenomena based on highly reliable precursors of rock destruction and multi-channel recording technology

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Abstract

Improving the reliability of forecasting geodynamic phenomena (GDP), such as rock bursts during mining, is one of the most pressing issues in modern geomechanics, as mining operations in most countries worldwide are shifting to deep horizons. Currently used rock burst hazard criteria based on the "hazardous/non-hazardous" approach do not meet the increasing demands for forecast reliability. An alternative approach involves forecasting GDP based on precursors of geoenvironment failure; however, reliable precursors have not yet been developed. An effective technology for recording them is also lacking. In this article, highly reliable precursors of geodynamic phenomena of first-level geoenvironment failure are developed from the perspective of the geomechanics of highly compressed rocks and massifs. These precursors are considered critical points in the formation and development of mesofracture structures in rocks and massifs. The deformation and failure patterns of rock specimens in the pre-failure loading zone were investigated, and a system of highly reliable failure precursors was developed, including long-, medium-, and short-term precursors. The reliability of the precursors is ensured by the patterns of formation and development of mesofracture rock structures, established through comprehensive experimental and analytical studies. Precursor identification is based on the developed multichannel recording technology, ensuring the reliability of the GDP prediction at a level of 0.8–0.85. The practical significance of the conducted research and development lies in the possibility of using the GDP precursors at the next structural level of the geoenvironment (rock mass at the scale of mine workings) in accordance with the transit principle, which corresponds to the principle of the relationship between structural levels in the geomechanics of highly compressed rocks.

Keywords

geodynamic phenomenaforecastdestructionprecursor systemlongterm precursormedium-term precursorshort-term precursorrock samples

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Article information

Published
12 January 2026
Issue date
12 January 2026
Issue
Vol. 26, No. 1 (2026)
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