Evaluation of stresses associated with the processing of a thin layer located on a flat substrate by a moving energy source

Author details
  • Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
  • Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation

Abstract

The interaction of fields of different natures (thermal, chemical, and mechanical) in modern technologies of synthesis and processing of materials attracts increasing attention. This is due to the need to predict the behavior and properties of new materials and products depending on the conditions of their creation. This paper is devoted to the formulation and solution of plane problems of thermochemoelasticity, which describe, for example, the fusion of a powder layer on a thin substrate under laser or electron-beam action. In this case, an external heat source moves along the surface at a certain speed and along a given trajectory, causing a significant increase in temperature and, in general, chemical reactions. This drives the need for taking into consideration the temperature dependence of the material properties, which in this case become functions of coordinates as well. Two-dimensional equations of the model are obtained by averaging three-dimensional equations of thermochemoelasticity over the reacting powder layer and the substrate. In this case, as a result of averaging, expressions for the effective characteristics of the two-dimensional medium are also obtained. A new stress-based formulation of the mechanical part of the problem for the case of a plane stress state is derived, caused by the inhomogeneous characteristics of the medium when combining the equilibrium equation, Duhamel – Neumann law, and the strain-compatibility equation. The evolution of the temperature field is described by the nonlinear heat conduction equation. An implicit finite-difference scheme with coordinate splitting for the heat conduction equation and a finite-difference method of successive over-relaxation with Chebyshev acceleration for the stress-based equations are used for the numerical solution of the problems. The results of numerical modeling of laser beam processing of a mixture of titanium and aluminum powders on an iron substrate are presented. It is shown that the properties of the substrate largely determine the magnitude of the maximum temperature and associated stresses, which should be taken into account when modeling explicitly.

Keywords

temperature fieldthermal stresstemperature-dependent propertiesmoving heat sourcenumerical simulationlaser processingadditive manufacturingpowder bedmathematical modeling and simulationplane stress state.

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Article information

Published
17 December 2025
Issue date
17 December 2025
Issue
No. 5 (2025)
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